NAD+

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) is an indispensable coenzyme found in every living cell, functioning as a critical electron carrier in mitochondrial redox reactions. It undergoes reversible reduction to NADH, driving the electron transport chain (ETC) across complexes I-IV to generate ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.

Beyond its metabolic co-factor role, NAD+ serves as an obligate substrate for regulatory enzymes, specifically sirtuins (SIRT1, SIRT3) and PARP (Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase) DNA repair enzymes. These pathways regulate cellular aging, chromatin silencing, and overall genomic stability, directly managing oxidative DNA damage.

Oral administration of NAD+ precursors (like NR or NMN) is subject to extensive first-pass hepatic degradation, significantly limiting systemic tissue availability. Exogenous, parenteral administration of reduced NAD+ bypasses enzymatic degradation, delivering raw coenzyme straight into systemic pools.

In clinical research models, direct NAD+ replenishment consistently helps reverse age-associated mitochondrial decay, improves skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, and clears severe neuro-inflammatory parameters (commonly presented as "brain fog"). At a chromosomal level, maintaining robust NAD+ pools is required for PARP enzymes to successfully repair damaged DNA, making it vital for anti-aging and long-term cellular preservation protocols.

The standard research framework follows a consistent daily or bi-weekly scheduling format to preserve baseline plasma availability margins during cellular energy restoration phases.

NAD+ 500mg vials are synthesized in our Johannesburg laboratory and dispatched as a lyophilized powder. It must be reconstituted prior to administration using Bacteriostatic Water (BAC). NAD+ is exceptionally sensitive to light and heat degradation.

• Inject BAC liquid slowly against the internal side of the glass container to avoid structural stress.
• Do not shake the container. Swirl with a gentle rolling hand motion until the clear solute configuration has completely dissolved. Store at 2°C to 8°C immediately.